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Molecular and Immunologic Techniques in a Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
Published on: May 2, 2022
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2023 GEIS Guidelines for gastrointestinal stromal tumors
César Serrano1, Javier Martín-Broto2,3, José Manuel Asencio-Pascual4,5
1Sarcoma Translational Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Carrer de Natzaret, 115-117, Barcelona 08035, Spain.
Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology
|September 1, 2023
Summary
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are driven by KIT/PDGFRA mutations. Approved tyrosine kinase inhibitors have significantly improved outcomes for this rare cancer, now managed by a multidisciplinary guideline.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Gastroenterology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most prevalent mesenchymal malignancy, with a spectrum from indolent to aggressive disease.
- Gain-of-function mutations in KIT or PDGFRA receptor tyrosine kinases are the primary drivers of GIST initiation and progression.
- GIST management has been revolutionized by targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), transforming outcomes for this previously chemoresistant cancer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current evidence for the management of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST).
- To provide a critical perspective on the standard approach for GIST diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up.
- To establish a clinical practice guideline for GIST management based on multidisciplinary expert consensus.
Main Methods:
- Development of a clinical practice guideline by a multidisciplinary expert panel.
- Inclusion of oncologists, pathologists, surgeons, molecular biologists, radiologists, and patient advocacy group representatives.
- Critical review of currently available evidence for GIST management.
Main Results:
- Five agents (imatinib, sunitinib, regorafenib, ripretinib, avapritinib) are approved for GIST treatment.
- GIST has become a model for multidisciplinary cancer research due to its unique biology and evolution.
- The guideline provides a standard approach for GIST diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up.
Conclusions:
- Targeted therapies have significantly improved outcomes in GIST.
- Multidisciplinary collaboration is crucial for managing GIST effectively.
- This guideline offers a critical, evidence-based standard for GIST care.
