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Related Concept Videos

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

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Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
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Bacterial Signaling01:30

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Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
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In Situ Measurement and Correlation of Cell Density and Light Emission of Bioluminescent Bacteria
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Microbial Primer: LuxR-LuxI Quorum Sensing.

Martin P Soto-Aceves1, Stephen P Diggle2, E Peter Greenberg1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.

Microbiology (Reading, England)
|September 1, 2023
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Summary

Quorum sensing allows bacteria to communicate population density and synchronize behaviors like bioluminescence and biofilm formation. This primer introduces the common LuxR-LuxI systems in Gram-negative bacteria.

Keywords:
quorum sensing

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bacterial Communication
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Quorum sensing is a cell-to-cell communication mechanism used by bacteria.
  • It enables bacteria to monitor population density and coordinate group behaviors.
  • LuxR-LuxI systems are widely conserved in Gram-negative bacteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the fundamental concepts of quorum sensing.
  • To explain the canonical LuxR-LuxI quorum sensing circuits.
  • To highlight the diverse bacterial behaviors regulated by quorum sensing.

Main Methods:

  • This primer provides a conceptual overview.
  • It focuses on the molecular mechanisms of LuxR-LuxI systems.
  • Examples of regulated behaviors are discussed.

Main Results:

  • Quorum sensing synchronizes behaviors across bacterial communities.
  • LuxR-LuxI systems regulate critical functions such as bioluminescence, virulence, and biofilm formation.
  • Understanding these circuits is key to deciphering bacterial social interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Quorum sensing is a vital regulatory mechanism in bacteria.
  • LuxR-LuxI systems represent a common and important class of quorum sensing circuits.
  • This knowledge aids in understanding bacterial population dynamics and developing targeted interventions.