Impact of COVID-19 vaccination on mortality after acute myocardial infarction
Mohit D Gupta1, Shekhar Kunal2, Girish M P1
1Department of Cardiology, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Delhi, India.
Insights
COVID-19 vaccination significantly reduces mortality in patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Vaccinated individuals experienced lower death rates at both 30 days and six months post-AMI.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Immunology
- Public Health
Background:
- COVID-19 vaccines are highly immunogenic.
- Cardiovascular effects of COVID-19 vaccines require further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on mortality following acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Main Methods:
- Retrospective observational study of 1578 patients with AMI from the NORIN-STEMI registry.
- Data collected on vaccination status, vaccine type, and adverse effects.
- Propensity-weighted score logistic regression used to analyze 30-day and six-month all-cause mortality.
Main Results:
- 1086 (68.8%) patients were vaccinated; 492 (31.2%) were unvaccinated.
- Vaccinated AMI patients had significantly lower adjusted odds of mortality at 30 days (aOR: 0.58) and six months (aOR: 0.54).
- No specific clustering of AMI occurrence post-vaccination was observed.
Conclusions:
- COVID-19 vaccination is associated with decreased all-cause mortality in patients following AMI.
- Vaccination appears to offer a protective effect against mortality in this patient group.
Background:
COVID-19 vaccines are highly immunogenic but cardiovascular effects of these vaccines have not been properly elucidated.
Objectives:
To determine impact of COVID-19 vaccination on mortality following acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Methods:
This was a single center retrospective observation study among patients with AMI enrolled in the the North India ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NORIN-STEMI) registry. In all the enrolled patients, data regarding patient's vaccination status including details on type of vaccine, date of vaccination and adverse effects were obtained. All enrolled subjects were followed up for a period of six months. The primary outcome of the study was all-cause mortality both at one month and at six months of follow-up. Propensity-weighted score logistic regression model using inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to determine the impact of vaccination status on all-cause mortality.
Results:
A total of 1578 subjects were enrolled in the study of whom 1086(68.8%) were vaccinated against COVID-19 while 492(31.2%) were unvaccinated. Analysis of the temporal trends of occurrence of AMI post vaccination did not show a specific clustering of AMI at any particular time. On 30-day follow-up, all-cause mortality occurred in 201(12.7%) patients with adjusted odds of mortality being significantly lower in vaccinated group (adjusted odds ratio[aOR]: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.47-0.71). Similarly, at six months of follow-up, vaccinated AMI group had lower odds of mortality(aOR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.65) as compared to non-vaccinated group.
Conclusions:
COVID-19 vaccines have shown to decrease all-cause mortality at 30 days and six months following AMI.
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