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Related Concept Videos

Characteristics of Series Resonant Circuit01:24

Characteristics of Series Resonant Circuit

278
Series resonance occurs in a circuit containing inductive (L), capacitive (C), and resistive (R) elements connected sequentially. At the resonance frequency, the inductive and capacitive reactances are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign, effectively canceling each other. This causes the circuit's impedance is minimal, primarily determined by the resistance R. The resonant frequency of an RLC circuit is defined as:
278
Design Example: Underdamped Parallel RLC Circuit01:17

Design Example: Underdamped Parallel RLC Circuit

329
Consider designing an oscillator circuit, a crucial component in various electronic devices and systems. The objective is to create an oscillator circuit with specific characteristics: a damped natural frequency of 4 kHz and a damping factor of 4 radians per second. To accomplish this, a parallel RLC circuit is employed, known for its ability to sustain oscillations at a resonant frequency. In this case, the damping factor is pivotal in achieving the desired performance.
Starting with a fixed...
329
Parallel Resonance01:23

Parallel Resonance

229
The parallel RLC circuit is an arrangement where the resistor (R), inductor (L), and capacitor (C) are all connected to the same nodes and, as a result, share the same voltage across them. The parallel RLC circuit is analyzed in terms of admittance (Y), which reflects the ease with which current can flow. The admittance is given by:
229
Series Resonance01:17

Series Resonance

207
The RLC circuit impedance is defined as the ratio of the supply voltage to the circuit current. Resonance in such a circuit occurs when the imaginary part of this impedance equals zero. This specific condition means that the inductive reactance is exactly equal to the capacitive reactance. The frequency at which this happens is known as the resonant frequency. Mathematically, the resonant frequency is inversely proportional to the square root of the product of the inductance (L) and capacitance...
207
RLC Circuit as a Damped Oscillator01:30

RLC Circuit as a Damped Oscillator

1.1K
An RLC circuit combines a resistor, inductor, and capacitor, connected in a series or parallel combination.
Consider a series RLC circuit. Here, the presence of resistance in the circuit leads to energy loss due to joule heating in the resistance. Therefore, the total electromagnetic energy in the circuit is no longer constant and decreases with time. Since the magnitude of charge, current, and potential difference continuously decreases, their oscillations are said to be damped. This is...
1.1K
Active Filters01:25

Active Filters

856
Active filters are electronic circuits that use operational amplifiers (op-amps), resistors, and capacitors to filter out unwanted frequency components from a signal. A first-order low-pass active filter is designed to pass signals with a frequency lower than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuate frequencies higher than that cutoff frequency. The transfer function for a first-order low-pass active filter is:
856

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Design and Characterization Methodology for Efficient Wide Range Tunable MEMS Filters
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A new tunable bandstop filter square-ring resonator using varactor diodes.

José Garibaldi Duarte Júnior1, Valdemir Praxedes da Silva Neto1, Adaildo Gomes d'Assunção1

  • 1Department of Communication Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.

Plos One
|September 1, 2023
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Summary

This study introduces a tunable bandstop filter using varactor diodes. The reconfigurable filter achieves wide tuning ranges and reduced dimensions, making it suitable for modern communication systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Electromagnetics
  • Microwave Engineering

Background:

  • Tunable filters are crucial for modern communication systems, enabling frequency agility.
  • Existing bandstop filters often lack wide tuning ranges or have large physical footprints.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a reconfigurable bandstop filter with a tunable response using varactor diodes.
  • To investigate the impact of variable capacitance on filter performance and optimize its design.

Main Methods:

  • Mathematical modeling of ideal transmission lines for square-ring resonator design.
  • Analysis of input admittance and S-parameters under varying capacitance.
  • Development and testing of a physical prototype.

Main Results:

  • A prototype filter with two rejection bands (0.6-1.15 GHz and 1.71-2.28 GHz) was fabricated.
  • Achieved tuning ranges of 63.0% and 29.0% for the respective bands.
  • Demonstrated sufficient in-band rejection and reduced physical dimensions compared to literature.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed tunable bandstop filter offers a significant tuning range and compact size.
  • The design is well-suited for reconfigurable applications in communication systems below 3.0 GHz.
  • The use of varactor diodes effectively enables reconfigurability.