Highly efficient zinc electrode prepared by electro-deposition in a salt-induced pre-phase separation region solution

Efficient electrode design is crucial for the electrochemical reduction of CO₂ to produce valuable chemicals. The solution used for the preparation of electrodes can affect their overall properties, which in turn determine the reaction efficiency. In this work, we report that transition metal salts could induce the change of two-phase ionic liquid/ethanol mixture into miscible one phase. Pre-phase separation region near the phase boundary of the ternary system was observed. Zinc nanoparticles were electro-deposited along the fibres of carbon paper (CP) substrate uniformly in the salt-induced pre-phase separation region solution. The as-prepared Zn(1)/CP electrode exhibits super-wettability to the electrolyte, rendering very high catalytic performance for CO₂ electro-reduction, and the Faradaic efficiency towards CO is 97.6% with a current density of 340 mA cm^-2, which is the best result to date in an H-type cell.