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Informational masking influences segmental and suprasegmental speech categorization.

A E Symons1, L L Holt2, A T Tierney1

  • 1Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK.

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
|September 1, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Listeners adapt their auditory attention to speech sounds. In noisy environments, individuals integrate more acoustic information, utilizing speech redundancy when attention is limited.

Keywords:
CategorizationIndividual differencesSelective attentionSpeech perception

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Area of Science:

  • Auditory Perception
  • Psychoacoustics
  • Speech Processing

Background:

  • Auditory categorization involves integrating multi-dimensional acoustic information.
  • Attentional theories propose that informative acoustic dimensions receive greater perceptual weight.
  • Noisy acoustic environments challenge attention, potentially leading to broader distribution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test if listeners distribute attention across acoustic dimensions more evenly in noisy conditions.
  • To investigate how informational masking affects auditory categorization strategies.
  • To examine individual differences in perceptual weighting of acoustic dimensions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an informational masking paradigm with competing speech.
  • Conducted suprasegmental (focus) and segmental (voicing) speech categorization tasks.
  • Presented target and competing speech to opposite ears to isolate masking effects.

Main Results:

  • Individual differences in dimension weighting were consistent across listening conditions.
  • Listeners shifted from relying on a single dimension in quiet to integrating multiple dimensions when speech was masked.
  • Listeners increased their use of speech redundancy under limited attentional resources.

Conclusions:

  • Auditory categorization strategies adapt to acoustic environments.
  • Informational masking prompts a shift towards multi-dimensional integration.
  • Individual perceptual strategies for auditory categorization are stable but adaptable.