Impact of globalization on CO₂ emission in the agricultural sector: case study of selected developed countries

The development of new technologies and the necessity to pay attention to sustainable development, on the one hand, and increasing the cultivated area to gain more product, on the other hand, have made the protection and improvement of the environment one of the most important concerns of policymakers. Accordingly, in recent years, extensive theoretical and empirical research has been conducted to find ways to improve the quality of the environment and its effective factors. In this regard, this paper assessed the impact of value-added agriculture and globalization on CO₂ emission in the agricultural sector in selected developing countries, including Japan, Germany, the UK, France, Italy, South Korea, Spain, Netherlands, Switzerland, Sweden, and Australia. For this purpose, panel data over 1995-2017 and the random effects method were used. The results indicated that value-added agriculture and globalization had an inverse relationship with CO₂ emission in the agricultural sector of developed countries. According to the results, it is recommended to reform infrastructures and optimize resource utilization by entering and promoting cleaner technologies, and furthermore attracting foreign investments, which are a part of criteria forming globalization.