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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2025

Intracerebroventricular and Intravascular Injection of Viral Particles and Fluorescent Microbeads into the Neonatal Brain
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Revisiting JC virus and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.

Angela Rocchi1, Ilker K Sariyer2, Joseph R Berger3

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Inflammation, Center for Neurovirology and Gene Editing, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.

Journal of Neurovirology
|September 2, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) devastates immunosuppressed patients due to JC virus (JCV) lysis of oligodendrocytes. Overcoming JCV pathogenesis and developing new treatments are crucial for combating this debilitating neurological disease.

Keywords:
DiagnosisImmunosuppressionJC virusLatencyPMLReactivationTreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Neurovirology
  • Immunology
  • Neuropathology

Background:

  • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a severe demyelinating disease affecting immunosuppressed individuals.
  • The disease is caused by the JC virus (JCV), a ubiquitous polyomavirus.
  • JCV infects and lyses oligodendrocytes, leading to neurodegeneration and often death.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the established pathogenesis of JCV infection leading to PML.
  • To highlight the significant challenges hindering the development of effective treatments.
  • To emphasize the need for novel therapeutic strategies against JCV.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article, synthesizing existing knowledge on PML and JCV.
  • It examines the established mechanisms of JCV pathogenesis.
  • It discusses challenges in antiviral development and the lack of animal models.

Main Results:

  • JCV pathogenesis involves oligodendrocyte lysis, causing demyelination and neurodegeneration.
  • Current antiviral treatments are ineffective against JCV.
  • The absence of a suitable animal model impedes therapeutic research.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding JCV pathogenesis is key to combating PML.
  • Overcoming challenges in antiviral development is essential.
  • Novel therapeutic approaches are urgently needed to eliminate JCV and treat PML.