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Binge eating disorder is a significant mental health condition characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive food consumption within a short period, accompanied by a perceived loss of control over eating behavior. Unlike occasional overeating, binge eating disorder is marked by distressing emotions such as guilt, shame, and anxiety following binge episodes. The disorder affects individuals across different ages and backgrounds, with profound implications for physical and psychological...
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Adding executive function training to cognitive behavioral therapy for binge eating disorder: A pilot randomized

Dawn M Eichen1, David R Strong2, Elizabeth W Twamley3

  • 1University of California San Diego, Department of Pediatrics, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

Eating Behaviors
|September 3, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Adding executive function (EF) training to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for binge eating disorder (BED) showed promise. EF-CBT was feasible and acceptable, particularly for individuals with lower EF, potentially improving treatment outcomes.

Keywords:
Cognitive functionCognitive trainingLoss of controlObesityOverweight

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Binge eating disorder (BED) treatments like cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) have limited success rates.
  • Executive function (EF) deficits are common in BED and may hinder treatment.
  • Integrating EF training with CBT could enhance treatment efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of combining EF training with CBT (EF-CBT) for adults with BED.
  • To compare EF-CBT with standard CBT in a randomized controlled trial.
  • To explore the impact of EF on treatment outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • 32 adults with BED, overweight/obesity, and comorbid anxiety/depression were randomized to 4 months of group CBT or EF-CBT.
  • Outcomes including loss of control (LOC) days, clinical impairment, depression, anxiety, and weight were assessed at baseline, post-treatment, and follow-up.
  • Feasibility and acceptability were evaluated, alongside exploratory analyses of EF's role.

Main Results:

  • EF-CBT was feasible and acceptable, comparable to CBT.
  • Both groups showed significant reductions in LOC days, clinical impairment, and depression.
  • No significant differences were found between groups for most outcomes; anxiety and weight were not significantly reduced.
  • Exploratory findings indicated EF-CBT may benefit individuals with lower EF, improving LOC and self-monitoring.

Conclusions:

  • EF-CBT is a feasible, acceptable, and potentially efficacious treatment for BED, especially for individuals with lower executive function.
  • Further large-scale research is warranted to confirm these findings.
  • EF-CBT may offer a targeted approach for a subset of BED patients.