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Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Children Before and During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Study

Mahtab Ordooei1, Mehran Karimi1, Elahe Akbarian1

  • 1Children Growth Disorder Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.

International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
|September 4, 2023
PubMed

Insights

The COVID-19 pandemic saw a significant rise in the frequency and severity of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) among children. This study highlights the increased DKA risk in pediatric populations during the pandemic.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a profound global impact.
  • Comorbidities, including diabetes, are recognized as critical risk factors for severe COVID-19 outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the frequency and severity of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in children.
  • To compare DKA incidence and severity in pediatric patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study design was employed.
  • Data from pediatric patients diagnosed with DKA and hospitalized between February 20, 2020, and November 21, 2021, were analyzed.
  • Findings were compared with data from the pre-pandemic period (2019).

Main Results:

  • The study included 70 children with DKA during the pandemic and 33 children pre-pandemic.
  • A higher rate of DKA was observed during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period.
  • The severity of DKA increased during the pandemic, with a higher percentage of severe cases (35.7% vs. 21.2%) and a lower percentage of mild cases (27.1% vs. 42.4%).

Conclusions:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic period was associated with a notable increase in both the frequency and severity of diabetic ketoacidosis in children.
  • These findings underscore the impact of the pandemic on pediatric diabetes management and outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19ChildrenDiabetic KetoacidosisSARS-CoV-2

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