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Related Concept Videos

Measuring Acceleration Due to Gravity01:12

Measuring Acceleration Due to Gravity

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Consider a coffee mug hanging on a hook in a pantry. If the mug gets knocked, it oscillates back and forth like a pendulum until the oscillations die out.
A simple pendulum can be described as a point mass and a string. Meanwhile, a physical pendulum is any object whose oscillations are similar to a simple pendulum, but cannot be modeled as a point mass on a string because its mass is distributed over a larger area. The behavior of a physical pendulum can be modeled using the principles of...
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Weightlessness01:01

Weightlessness

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When an object is dropped, it accelerates toward the center of the Earth. If the net external force on the object is its weight, it is said to be in free fall; that is, the only force acting on the object is gravity. Galileo was instrumental in showing that, in the absence of air resistance, all objects fall with the same acceleration g. However, when objects on the Earth fall downward, they are never truly in free fall, because there is always some upward resistance force from the air acting...
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Acceleration due to Gravity on Other Planets01:24

Acceleration due to Gravity on Other Planets

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The gravitational acceleration of an object near the Earth's surface is called the acceleration due to gravity. It can be measured by conducting simple experiments on Earth. However, such an experiment is impossible to conduct on the surface of other planets.
Astronomical observations are thus used to measure the acceleration due to gravity on other planets. This can be determined by observing the effect of a planet's gravity on objects close to it. The crucial factor that helps in this...
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Acceleration due to Gravity on Earth01:21

Acceleration due to Gravity on Earth

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According to Newton's law of gravitation, the gravitational force on a body is proportional to its mass. According to Newton's second law of motion, the acceleration produced by an external force is inversely proportional to the force. Hence, the acceleration of an object under an external force of gravitation is independent of its mass.
The acceleration of an object close to the Earth, because of the Earth's gravitational pull, is called the acceleration due to gravity. It is...
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Rocket Propulsion in Gravitational Field - II01:03

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A rocket's velocity in the presence of a gravitational field is decreased by the amount of force exerted by Earth's gravitational field, which opposes the motion of the rocket. If we consider thrust, that is, the force exerted on a rocket by the exhaust gases, then a rocket's thrust is greater in outer space than in the atmosphere or on a launch pad. In fact, gases are easier to expel in a vacuum.
A rocket's acceleration depends on three major factors, consistent with the...
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Rocket Propulsion in Gravitational Field - I01:20

Rocket Propulsion in Gravitational Field - I

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Rockets range in size from small fireworks that ordinary people use to the enormous Saturn V that once propelled massive payloads toward the Moon. The propulsion of all rockets, jet engines, deflating balloons, and even squids and octopuses are explained by the same physical principle: Newton's third law of motion. The matter is forcefully ejected from a system, producing an equal and opposite reaction on what remains.
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Updated: Jul 17, 2025

Culturing Lymphocytes in Simulated Microgravity Using a Rotary Cell Culture System
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Culturing Lymphocytes in Simulated Microgravity Using a Rotary Cell Culture System

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Technology using simulated microgravity.

Yusuke Nishimura1

  • 1Department of Clinical Engineering, Faculty of Medical Science and Technology, Gunma Paz University, 3-3-4 Tonyamachi, Takasaki-shi, Gunma 370-0006, Japan.

Regenerative Therapy
|September 4, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Simulated microgravity (s-μg) research reveals how reduced gravity affects stem cell behavior. Understanding these changes can lead to new regenerative medicine therapies.

Keywords:
Random positioning machineRegenerative therapyRotating wall vesselSimulated microgravityStem cells

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In Vitro Growth of Mouse Preantral Follicles Under Simulated Microgravity
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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cell Biology
  • Space Medicine

Background:

  • Earth's gravity influences cellular and tissue functions.
  • Microgravity significantly impacts biological systems at cellular and tissue levels.
  • Simulated microgravity (s-μg) offers a terrestrial method to study these effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review devices simulating microgravity on Earth.
  • To examine stem cell experiments conducted under simulated microgravity.
  • To understand microgravity's influence on stem cell behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing devices like rotating wall vessels, random positioning machines, and clinostats.
  • Investigating stem cell morphology, migration, proliferation, and differentiation.
  • Analyzing mechanisms of microgravity-induced changes in stem cells.

Main Results:

  • Simulated microgravity affects stem cell morphology, migration, proliferation, and differentiation.
  • Various devices effectively simulate microgravity for cell studies.
  • Mechanisms of microgravity's impact on stem cells are being elucidated.

Conclusions:

  • Simulated microgravity research provides insights into cellular responses to space environments.
  • Understanding these responses can identify therapeutic targets for stem cell regulation.
  • Applications in regenerative medicine are a key outcome of this research.