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Investigation on Ammonia-Biodiesel Fueled RCCI Combustion Engine Using a Split Injection Strategy
Elumalai Ramachandran1, Ravi Krishnaiah1, Elumalai Perumal Venkatesan2
1School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT University, Vellore 632014, India.
ACS Omega
|September 4, 2023
Summary
Reactive Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) using ammonia and biodiesel shows promise for emission reduction. A 45% biodiesel split injection strategy significantly improved efficiency and reduced pollutants, though NOx emissions increased.
Area of Science:
- Internal Combustion Engines
- Sustainable Fuels
- Emission Control Technologies
Background:
- Advanced combustion strategies are crucial for reducing emissions in compression ignition engines.
- Reactive Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) offers a wider operating range for cleaner combustion.
- Ammonia and biodiesel are explored as alternative fuels for eco-friendly engine operation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of biodiesel split injection strategy on RCCI combustion using ammonia and biodiesel.
- To evaluate the effects of varying biodiesel split ratios on engine performance and emissions.
- To compare split injection with single injection strategies for ammonia/biodiesel RCCI.
Main Methods:
- Implementation of RCCI using manifold-injected ammonia (low-reactivity fuel) and direct-injected biodiesel (high-reactivity fuel).
- Examination of a split injection strategy for biodiesel (pre- and main injections) at a 40:60 energy ratio.
- Comparison of performance metrics (pressure, heat release, efficiency, BSEC) and emissions (HC, CO, smoke, NOx) under varied load conditions.
Main Results:
- A 45% biodiesel split ratio at full load optimized in-cylinder pressure and heat release rate, advancing peak occurrence towards TDC.
- Brake thermal efficiency (BTE) increased by 12.33% and brake specific energy consumption (BSEC) decreased by 19.31% compared to single injection.
- Significant reductions in HC (34.21%), CO (39.13%), and smoke opacity (33.89%) were observed, while NOx increased by 36.06%.
Conclusions:
- Biodiesel split injection in RCCI with ammonia offers a viable strategy for enhancing engine efficiency and reducing specific pollutants.
- Optimizing the biodiesel split ratio is critical for maximizing performance benefits and minimizing undesirable emissions.
- Further research may be needed to mitigate the increase in NOx emissions while maintaining efficiency gains.
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