[Several heart conditions are related to increased risk of ischemic stroke and TIA]

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Neurology
• Vascular Medicine

Context:

• Heart conditions are linked to a higher risk of ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA).
• Antithrombotic therapy is often indicated for primary prophylaxis in these patients, with increased necessity after a cerebrovascular event.
• Oral anticoagulants play a crucial role, alongside other interventions like patent foramen ovale closure.

Purpose:

• To provide an overview of current concepts and treatment strategies for suspected cardioembolic stroke.
• To highlight the importance of considering multiple pathophysiological mechanisms in stroke etiology.
• To emphasize the need for individualized patient assessment.

Summary:

• Several cardiac conditions elevate the risk of ischemic stroke and TIA, often requiring antithrombotic prophylaxis.
• Oral anticoagulants are central to management, with emerging options like left atrial appendage occlusion under investigation for atrial fibrillation patients.
• Simultaneous non-cardiac stroke mechanisms must be considered, underscoring the need for personalized treatment plans.

Impact:

• Informs clinicians about contemporary approaches to managing cardioembolic stroke.
• Highlights the evolving landscape of stroke prevention, including device-based therapies.
• Stresses the critical role of comprehensive patient evaluation for optimal stroke risk reduction.