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Moderate-to-vigorous intensity cycling exercise immediately after visual learning enhances delayed recognition memory

Andrew C Venezia¹, Lauren R Weiss², Kristy A Nielson³

¹Department of Health and Human Performance, The University of Scranton, Scranton, PA, USA.

Psychology of Sport and Exercise

|September 4, 2023

Summary

Exercising after learning, not before, significantly improved recognition memory. This effect was independent of central noradrenergic activity, measured by salivary alpha amylase (sAA).

Keywords:

Acute exercise Arousal IAPS Memory Salivary alpha-amylase

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Exercise Physiology
Psychology

Background:

Acute aerobic exercise can enhance long-term memory.
The optimal timing of exercise (pre- vs. post-learning) for memory enhancement remains unclear.
Post-learning arousal is known to be a potent memory enhancer.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the effects of cycling exercise before or after learning on recognition memory.
To investigate the impact of exercise timing on memory for emotional and neutral images.
To examine the relationship between central noradrenergic activity and memory performance.

Main Methods:

Seventy-two participants (18-35 years) were randomized into three groups: exercise before learning, exercise after learning, and control.
Exercise groups completed 20 minutes of cycling at a hard intensity (RPE 15).
Saliva samples were collected to measure salivary alpha amylase (sAA); recognition memory was tested one week later.

Main Results:

The exercise after learning group showed significantly higher recognition memory compared to the control group.
No significant memory improvement was observed in the exercise before learning group.
Salivary alpha amylase (sAA) increased during exercise but did not correlate with memory performance.

Conclusions:

Acute, hard cycling exercise performed after learning enhances recognition memory.
Exercise performed before learning did not yield similar memory benefits.
The memory enhancement observed was not directly related to the measured central noradrenergic activity.