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Sarcopenia and malignancies: epidemiology, clinical classification and implications
Feng-Min Zhang1, Hao-Fan Wu1, Han-Ping Shi2
1Colorectal Cancer Center/Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Ageing Research Reviews
|September 4, 2023
Summary
Sarcopenia, a muscle disorder common in older adults, significantly impacts cancer patients. This review covers its diagnosis, interactions with cancer, and management strategies for improved outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Oncology
- Muscle Physiology
Background:
- Sarcopenia is a progressive skeletal muscle disorder affecting muscle strength, quantity, and quality.
- Older adults are susceptible to sarcopenia, and cancer patients, often elderly, are at increased risk.
- Cancer and its treatments exacerbate sarcopenia through hypercatabolism, inflammation, and reduced fitness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epidemiology and diagnosis of sarcopenia in cancer patients.
- To elucidate the complex interactions between cancer and sarcopenia.
- To provide evidence-based management strategies for sarcopenia in this population.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review.
- Analysis of epidemiological data on sarcopenia in cancer.
- Synthesis of diagnostic criteria and therapeutic approaches.
Main Results:
- Sarcopenia can pre-exist cancer, be cancer-related, or treatment-related.
- Sarcopenia negatively affects body composition, increases complications, reduces treatment efficacy, and shortens survival.
- Tailored therapeutic strategies are essential based on cancer and sarcopenia status.
Conclusions:
- Sarcopenia is a critical issue in cancer care, impacting patient outcomes.
- Early diagnosis and integrated management are crucial for cancer patients with sarcopenia.
- Further research into personalized interventions is warranted.
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