Exercise intensities modulate ACE2/MasR/eNOS pathway in male Wistar rat's lung

Specific exercise intensities could improve lung vascular function by increasing nitric oxide (NO). The ACE2/MasR/eNOS axis is one of the pathways facilitating NO synthesis. This study examines the effect of different intensities of aerobic training on the ACE2/MasR/eNOS axis and histology of lung muscular arteries. Male Wistar rats were used in this study and randomized into control and exercise groups receiving low-, moderate-, and high-intensity training. The training was conducted for 30 min daily, five times a week, for 8 weeks. We observed that different exercise intensities affect the ACE2/MasR/eNOS pathway differently. Compared to control, high-intensity aerobic exercise significantly increased ACE2, Mas receptor (MasR), and eNOS mRNA expressions (p < 0.01). Moderate-intensity exercise significantly increased MasR and eNOS mRNA expressions compared to the control (p < 0.05), and this intensity also increased ACE2 mRNA but not significantly. Low-intensity exercise increased ACE2, MasR, and eNOS mRNA expressions but not significantly. Low-, moderate-, or high-intensity exercises reduced the medial wall thickness of the lung muscular arteries but not significantly. In conclusion, high-intensity exercise may induce NO synthesis in the lung by increasing mRNA expression of ACE2, MasR, and eNOS without decreasing the medial wall thickness of the muscular artery. Thus, high-intensity exercise may be the optimal intensity to improve NO synthesis and vascular function in the lung.