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Chitosan oligosaccharide suppresses osteosarcoma malignancy by inhibiting CEMIP via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway

IlJin Sim1,2,3, WonGyom Choe3, JinJu Ri4

  • 1Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jiefang Campus, 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, China.

Medical Oncology (Northwood, London, England)
|September 5, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) inhibits osteosarcoma cell growth and suppresses cell migration-inducing protein (CEMIP) expression. This effect is linked to the regulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, offering a potential therapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Osteosarcoma is a prevalent bone cancer in children and adolescents, characterized by early metastasis.
  • Cell migration-inducing protein (CEMIP) is implicated in the progression and malignancy of osteosarcoma.
  • Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), derived from chitin, exhibits anti-tumor properties in various cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of COS on CEMIP expression in osteosarcoma.
  • To explore the underlying molecular mechanisms by which COS exerts its anti-tumor activity.
  • To determine the role of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in COS-mediated inhibition of osteosarcoma.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro experiments were conducted using human osteosarcoma cells to assess the inhibitory activity of COS.
  • CEMIP expression levels were measured following COS treatment.
  • Bioinformatics analysis was employed to predict potential signaling pathways regulated by COS, focusing on those associated with CEMIP expression.
  • In vivo studies were performed to validate the findings.

Main Results:

  • COS demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on human osteosarcoma cell proliferation in vitro.
  • COS treatment led to a notable suppression of CEMIP expression both in vitro and in vivo.
  • Bioinformatics analysis and experimental results indicated that COS inhibits the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
  • The observed inhibition of CEMIP expression by COS is closely associated with the modulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Conclusions:

  • COS exhibits significant anti-osteosarcoma activity by inhibiting cell proliferation and suppressing CEMIP expression.
  • The anti-tumor effects of COS are mediated, at least in part, through the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
  • COS represents a promising therapeutic agent for osteosarcoma, warranting further investigation.
Keywords:
CEMIPChitosan oligosaccharideOsteosarcomaPI3KPathway

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