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Using Photographs to Understand the Context of Health: A Novel Two-Step Systematic Process for Coding Visual Data
Jane Jih1,2,3, Antony Nguyen1,3,4, Jasmin Woo1,3,5
1Division of General Internal Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Qualitative Health Research
|September 5, 2023
Summary
This study introduces a novel two-step systematic process for coding visual data, specifically photographs, in qualitative research. This method enhances the capture of rich contextual data on participants' health environments.
Area of Science:
- Qualitative Research Methods
- Visual Data Analysis
- Health Sciences Research
Background:
- Photographs and visual data are increasingly used in qualitative research (ethnography, interviews, focus groups) to understand participant experiences.
- Visual methodologies like photo elicitation and Photovoice are established but lack systematic guidance for coding visual data.
- Existing literature offers insufficient direction for a systematic coding process to maximize the capture of visual data for qualitative analysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the rationale and process for developing a two-step systematic method for coding visual data, specifically photographs.
- To address the gap in current literature regarding systematic coding processes for visual data in qualitative analysis.
- To enhance the depth of data captured from visual methodologies.
Main Methods:
- Developed and applied a two-step systematic process for coding photographs.
- The process involves coding the foreground (focal point) and then the background of the photograph.
- Separate codebooks were utilized for foreground and background coding.
Main Results:
- The application of the two-step coding approach yielded additional rich data.
- This data pertained to the health-related contexts and environments of participants.
- The methodology proved effective in surfacing nuanced contextual information.
Conclusions:
- The proposed two-step systematic process for coding photographs can enhance qualitative data analysis.
- Incorporating this methodology can deepen the understanding of health contexts and environments.
- This approach may generate novel ideas and new directions for health-related research inquiry.
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