Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 17, 2025
Comparison of Three Clinical Stereoscopic Methods for Measuring Binocular Visual Function During Amblyopic Treatment in Unilateral Amblyopia
Published on: September 27, 2024
Refractive Profile of Surgical Patients with Intermittent Exotropia: A Large-Sample Cross-Sectional Study in Southern
Yun Wen1,2, Tao Shen1,2, Jason C S Yam3
1State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Purpose:
To describe the refractive profile of surgical patients with intermittent exotropia (IXT) residing in southern China.
Methods:
Medical records of patients who received strabismus surgery between June 2014 and August 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical data, including age, sex, refractive errors, preoperative angle of deviation, types of exotropia, accommodative convergence to accommodation ratio (AC/A ratio) and stereopsis, were investigated.
Results:
A total of 2250 patients were included, and 93.6% of patients were younger than 30 years of age. The mean angle of exodeviation was 37.0 ± 14.7 prism degree (PD) and 37.5 ± 15.8 PD at distance and near, respectively. Mean spherical equivalent refraction (SER) values were -0.7 ± 2.4 D and -0.8 ± 2.5 D in the dominant eye and nondominant eye, respectively. Significant differences in SER were observed between the dominant eye and nondominant eye among children at 6 years old or younger. The percentage of myopia increased from 11.0% in children (≤6 years old) to 77.9% in teenagers (13-18 years of age). Significant positive associations between the magnitude of exodeviation and the magnitude of myopia were observed (p < 0.0001). Patients with convergence insufficiency type IXT (p < 0.0001) or AC/A < 2 (p < 0.05) showed a greater magnitude of myopia. The mild hyperopia group included a larger proportion of subjects showing a certain degree of stereopsis (p < 0.05).
Conclusions:
Myopia was present in more than half of our patients (51.2%), which is much higher than the percentage in the general population of southern China. Patients with convergence insufficiency, an AC/A ratio < 2, or a larger angle of deviation tended to have a greater magnitude of myopia.
