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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Published on: June 16, 2014
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Insights into Cognitive Brain Health in Chronic Kidney Disease
H Tariq1, M Ramakrishnan1, A Gupta1
1Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, USA.
Gerontology & Geriatrics : Research
|September 6, 2023
Summary
Cognitive impairment is common in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Severely reduced kidney function (eGFR) and albuminuria are linked to cognitive decline, suggesting potential dementia prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Neurology
- Geriatrics
Background:
- Cognitive impairment and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) are prevalent in aging populations.
- Increasing lifespans are expected to exacerbate the prevalence of both conditions.
- The underlying mechanisms linking CKD to cognitive impairment remain largely unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the prevalence of cognitive impairment in CKD patients.
- To explore potential mechanisms contributing to cognitive impairment in CKD.
- To examine the association between cognitive impairment and key CKD markers like eGFR and albuminuria.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating cognitive function in CKD.
- Analysis of data correlating estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with cognitive status.
- Evaluation of the impact of albuminuria, dialysis, and kidney transplantation on cognitive function.
Main Results:
- Mild-moderate reductions in eGFR may not significantly impact cognition, but severely decreased eGFR is associated with impairment.
- Patients undergoing dialysis exhibit a high prevalence of cognitive impairment.
- Cognitive function generally improves post-kidney transplantation, though residual deficits persist.
Conclusions:
- Severely reduced eGFR and the presence of albuminuria are linked to cognitive impairment in CKD.
- Albuminuria, often undiagnosed, presents a potential target for dementia prevention strategies.
- Anemia and metabolic disturbances common in CKD may also contribute to cognitive deficits.
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