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Related Concept Videos

States of Matter and Phase Changes00:59

States of Matter and Phase Changes

The internal energy of a substance—the total kinetic energy of all its molecules and the potential energy of their associated forces—depends on the strength of the intermolecular forces in the condensed phases and the pressure exerted on the substance. The internal energy of a substance is the highest in the gaseous state, the lowest in the solid state, and intermediate in the liquid state. Phase transitions are caused by changes in physical conditions, such as temperature and pressure, that...
Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview01:12

Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview

The 1D NMR spectrum of large and complex molecules like natural products has complicated splitting patterns and overlapping signals, which can be easily interpreted using 2-dimensional (2D) NMR. Unlike 1D NMR, 2D NMR has two frequency axes that provide the coupling information between the nucleus A and nucleus B in a molecule. The process from which 2D spectra are obtained has four steps.
The first step is the preparation period, during which nucleus A is excited with a radiofrequency pulse.
Laminar and Turbulent Flow01:07

Laminar and Turbulent Flow

Fluid dynamics is the study of fluids in motion. Velocity vectors are often used to illustrate fluid motion in applications like meteorology. For example, wind—the fluid motion of air in the atmosphere—can be represented by vectors indicating the speed and direction of the wind at any given point on a map. Another method for representing fluid motion is a streamline. A streamline represents the path of a small volume of fluid as it flows. When the flow pattern changes with time, the streamlines...
Energy Conservation and Bernoulli's Equation01:16

Energy Conservation and Bernoulli's Equation

Applying the conservation of energy principle or the work-energy theorem to an incompressible, inviscid fluid in laminar, steady, irrotational flow leads to Bernoulli's equation. It states that the sum of the fluid pressure, potential, and kinetic energy per unit volume is constant along a streamline.
All the terms in the equation have the dimension of energy per unit volume. The kinetic energy per unit volume is called the kinetic energy density, and the potential energy per unit volume is...
Phase Transitions01:21

Phase Transitions

A phase transition is the process in which a substance changes from one state of matter to another, like from a solid to a liquid, liquid to gas, or vice versa, at a specific temperature and under given pressure conditions. This change is spontaneous and is affected by alterations in temperature and pressure. These parameters impact the strength of the forces between molecules (intermolecular forces) in the substance.During a phase transition, both the initial and final phases of the substance...
Couette Flow01:22

Couette Flow

Couette flow represents the flow of fluid between two parallel plates, with one plate fixed and the other moving with a constant velocity. This configuration allows for a simplified analysis using the Navier-Stokes equations, which govern fluid motion under conditions of viscosity and incompressibility. For Couette flow, the assumptions include a steady, laminar, incompressible flow with a zero-pressure gradient in the flow direction. This flow type is beneficial for understanding shear-driven...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2026

Creating Sub-50 Nm Nanofluidic Junctions in PDMS Microfluidic Chip via Self-Assembly Process of Colloidal Particles
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2D materials towards energy conversion processes in nanofluidics.

Selene Acosta1, H Joazet Ojeda-Galván1, Mildred Quintana1,2

  • 1Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, 78000, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|September 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hierarchically assembled 2D material membranes show promise for nanofluidic energy conversion. These smart membranes mimic biological processes for efficient water purification, artificial photosynthesis, and solar energy devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology and Materials Science
  • Energy Conversion
  • Nanofluidics

Background:

  • Hierarchically assembled 2D material membranes offer unique properties for energy applications.
  • Mimicking biological energy conversion processes is a key goal in materials science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss recent advances in smart 2D material membranes for energy conversion.
  • To explore the translation of these membranes into practical devices like water purification systems and solar energy converters.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent research on the production and characterization of 2D material membranes.
  • Analysis of how these membranes modulate nanopores, electron transport, and mass transfer.
  • Evaluation of mechanical and chemical stability for practical applications.

Main Results:

  • Smart 2D material membranes are being developed to mimic biological energy conversion.
  • These membranes show potential for cost-effective and highly efficient water purification.
  • Applications in artificial photosynthesis and solar energy conversion are being advanced.

Conclusions:

  • 2D material membranes are versatile platforms for advanced energy conversion systems.
  • Synergistic modulation of membrane properties leads to enhanced performance.
  • Future development focuses on cost-effective and highly efficient smart membrane design.