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Abbiategrasso Brain Bank Protocol for Collecting, Processing and Characterizing Aging Brains

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[Rapidly progressive dementia: management by the internist].

Thibaut Jossein¹, David Ruchat¹, Jean Regina¹

¹Service de médecine interne et de soins intensifs, Hôpital de Nyon, 1260 Nyon.

Revue Medicale Suisse

|September 6, 2023

Summary

Rapidly progressive dementia has a swift onset, differing from other neurocognitive disorders. Prompt diagnosis and management are crucial for conditions like Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Neuroscience
Geriatrics

Context:

Rapidly progressive dementia (RPD) presents with cognitive decline over less than two years.
RPD encompasses diverse etiologies, including neurodegenerative diseases and infections.
Distinguishing RPD from other cognitive impairments is critical for timely intervention.

Purpose:

To define the diagnostic criteria for rapidly progressive dementia.
To outline the essential work-up for patients presenting with rapid cognitive decline.
To emphasize the importance of early specialist referral in managing RPD.

Summary:

RPD is characterized by rapid cognitive deterioration, necessitating differentiation from delirium and other acute neurological events.
Diagnostic evaluation involves comprehensive history, clinical assessment, and investigations such as MRI, lumbar puncture, and EEG.
Prompt neurological consultation is vital for effective management of rapidly progressive dementia.

Impact:

Facilitates earlier and more accurate diagnosis of rapidly progressive dementia.
Guides clinicians in the systematic evaluation of patients with acute cognitive decline.
Improves patient outcomes through timely initiation of appropriate treatment and care pathways.