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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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[Autoinflammatory syndromes].

Hanna Bonnekoh1,2, Martin Krusche3, Eugen Feist4

  • 1Institut für Allergieforschung, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203, Berlin, Deutschland.

Zeitschrift Fur Rheumatologie
|September 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autoinflammatory diseases involve innate immune system overactivation, causing periodic fevers and inflammation. Early treatment prevents organ damage like amyloidosis.

Keywords:
Autoinflammatory diseasesFamilial Mediterranean feverSchnitzler syndromeStill’s disease, adult-onsetVEXAS syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Autoinflammation encompasses diverse monogenic and polygenic disorders.
  • Characterized by innate immune system overactivation without adaptive immunity involvement.
  • Manifests as recurrent fever episodes and elevated inflammatory markers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the scope and characteristics of autoinflammatory diseases.
  • To highlight key examples of monogenic and heterogeneous forms.
  • To emphasize the importance of timely intervention for preventing complications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on autoinflammatory diseases.
  • Classification of diseases based on genetic and clinical features.
  • Analysis of common symptoms and treatment goals.

Main Results:

  • Autoinflammatory diseases are a heterogeneous group.
  • Monogenic examples include familial Mediterranean fever and VEXAS syndrome.
  • Heterogeneous examples include adult-onset Still's disease and Schnitzler syndrome.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of autoinflammation is vital.
  • Preventing excessive inflammation mitigates long-term damage.
  • Amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis is a significant potential complication.