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Detoxification of aflatoxin M1 in different milk types using probiotics
Kubra Sanaldi1,2,3, Ahmet Yilmaz Coban1
1Akdeniz University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dumlupinar Bulvarı 07058 Kampus, Antalya, Turkey.
Abstract:
The aim of this study, research the potential use of probiotics in reducing the toxic effect of Aflatoxin M1 in cow milk, goat milk, sheep milk, and Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Milk and Phosphate-buffered saline were contaminated with Aflatoxin M1 at a concentration of 100 ppt. Then, various study groups were formed by adding Lactobacillus acidophilus DSMZ 20079, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, and Bifidobacterium bifidum DSMZ 20456 probiotic bacteria at a density of 108 CFU/ml. Then, working groups were stored for 1 day and Aflatoxin M1 levels were analyzed by an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay kit. The binding level of Aflatoxin M1 by probiotic bacteria varies between 2.32-12.52% in Phosphate-buffered saline, 9.08-40.14% in cow milk, 15.01-38.01% in goat milk, and 32.49-42.90% in sheep milk. The highest binding level of Aflatoxin M1 was detected in sheep milk and the lowest in Phosphate-buffered saline. The binding ability of Aflatoxin M1 is ranked from highest to lowest in sheep milk, cow milk, and goat milk. The data obtained from this study is important because it is the first study to show that if sheep and goat milk is enriched with probiotics, it can reduce AFM1 exposure.
Insights
Probiotics effectively bind Aflatoxin M1 in various milks, with highest reduction in sheep and goat milk. This research highlights probiotics
Area of Science:
- Food Science
- Microbiology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a toxic metabolite found in milk, posing health risks.
- Probiotics are beneficial bacteria with potential detoxifying properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the efficacy of specific probiotic strains in reducing AFM1 contamination in cow, goat, and sheep milk.
- To compare the AFM1 binding capacity of probiotics in different milk matrices and Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS).
Main Methods:
- Milk and PBS were contaminated with AFM1 (100 ppt).
- Probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Bifidobacterium bifidum) were added at 10^8 CFU/ml.
- AFM1 levels were quantified using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) after 24-hour incubation.
Main Results:
- Probiotic binding of AFM1 ranged from 2.32-12.52% in PBS, 9.08-40.14% in cow milk, 15.01-38.01% in goat milk, and 32.49-42.90% in sheep milk.
- Sheep milk exhibited the highest AFM1 binding by probiotics, while PBS showed the lowest.
- AFM1 binding capacity was highest in sheep milk, followed by cow milk, then goat milk.
Conclusions:
- Probiotic bacteria demonstrate significant potential for reducing AFM1 levels in milk.
- Enriching sheep and goat milk with probiotics offers a promising strategy to mitigate AFM1 exposure.
- This study provides novel insights into the differential binding of AFM1 by probiotics across various milk types.
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