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Primary Production

Primary Production

The total amount of energy acquired by primary producers in an ecosystem is called gross primary production (GPP). However, of this energy, producers use some for metabolic processes, and some is lost as heat, decreasing the amount of energy available to the next trophic level. The remaining usable amount of energy is called the net primary productivity (NPP). In terrestrial ecosystems, NPP is driven by climate, while light penetration and nutrient availability drive NPP in aquatic ecosystems.

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Measuring Dissolved Methane in Aquatic Ecosystems Using An Optical Spectroscopy Gas Analyzer

Measuring Dissolved Methane in Aquatic Ecosystems Using An Optical Spectroscopy Gas Analyzer

Published on: July 26, 2024

Intense methane diffusive emissions in eutrophic urban lakes, Central China.

Liuqing Zhang¹, Y Jun Xu², Bingjie Ma³

¹Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China; Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China; School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Institute of Changjiang Water Environment and Ecological Security, Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China.

Environmental Research

|September 6, 2023

Summary

Urban lakes are significant sources of methane (CH4), a potent greenhouse gas. Nutrient pollution intensifies CH4 emissions, highlighting the need to manage urban water bodies for climate mitigation.

Keywords:

Aquatic CH(4) diffusive flux CH(4) concentration Eutrophication Hydrological seasonality Urban lakes

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Limnology
Climate Change Research

Background:

Urban lakes are recognized as hotspots for methane (CH4) emissions.
Field measurements of CH4 in these ecosystems are limited, hindering a full understanding of its response to eutrophication.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify dissolved CH4 concentrations and diffusive fluxes in four urban lakes in subtropical China.
To investigate the impact of eutrophication and seasonal variations on CH4 emissions from urban lakes.

Main Methods:

Field measurements of dissolved CH4 concentrations.
Quantification of CH4 diffusive fluxes across lake zones.
Analysis of nutrient levels (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, DOC) and C:N ratios.
Seasonal sampling during wet and dry periods.

Main Results:

Urban lakes were consistently CH4-saturated, releasing greenhouse gases.
Nutrient enrichment significantly increased CH4 concentrations and diffusive fluxes, with higher emissions in eutrophic zones.
CH4 fluxes were higher in the wet season for less eutrophic zones, but inverse in highly eutrophic zones.
Nitrogen, phosphorus, and DOC positively correlated with CH4 levels; low C:N ratios indicated methanogenesis.

Conclusions:

Nutrient enrichment in urban lakes substantially enhances CH4 diffusion, with urban sewage being a key driver.
Small urban lakes may represent a significant, undercounted source of greenhouse gas emissions globally.
Lake morphometry, such as the littoral-to-pelagic zone ratio, is crucial for accurate CH4 emission estimations.