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Updated: Jul 17, 2025
The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress
Published on: July 4, 2013
Where do those experiencing sexual violence seek help and is routine enquiry acceptable within a sexual healthcare
Rachel J Caswell1,2, James Hodson3, Caroline Bradbury-Jones2
1Department of Sexual Health and HIV Medicine, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK rachelcaswell@nhs.net.
Objectives:
Most sexual violence (SV) remains undisclosed to healthcare professionals. The aims of this study were to identify where support would be sought after SV and whether routine enquiry about SV was acceptable in a sexual healthcare setting.
Design:
An online population-based survey collected data on a history of SV and preferences on support after SV, in addition to sociodemographic data. Respondents' views on being routinely asked about SV were sought.
Setting And Participants:
This online survey was based in England, UK. There were 2007 respondents.
Results:
The police were the most frequent first choice for support after experiencing SV (n=520; 25.9%); however, this was less common in individuals in younger age groups (p<0.001) and in those with a history of SV (17.2% vs 29.9%, p<0.001). For the 27.1% (532 of 1960) of respondents who reported a history of SV, the first choice of place for support was Rape Crisis or similar third-sector organisation. The majority of respondents supported routine enquiry about SV during Sexual and Reproductive Health Service (SRHS) consultations (84.4%), although acceptability was significantly lower in older age groups.
Conclusions And Study Implications:
A greater awareness of the influence of sociodemographic factors, including ethnicity, age, gender, disability and a history of SV, when planning and delivering services for those who have experienced SV is needed. A history of SV is common in the general population, and a 'one-size-fits-all' approach to encourage disclosure and access to support is unlikely to be optimal. Routine enquiry about SV is highly acceptable in an SRHS setting and likely to improve disclosure when appropriately implemented.
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