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Racial bias in perceptions of children's pain.

Kevin M Summers1, Shane Pitts2, E Paige Lloyd1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Denver.

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Adults perceived Black children as feeling less pain than White children, influenced by stereotypes about hardship. This racial bias in pain perception can impact children's pain care.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • Racial biases can influence perceptions of pain and healthcare.
  • Understanding how race affects pain perception in children is crucial for equitable care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if adults evaluate children's pain differently based on race.
  • To explore the mediating role of perceived life hardship.
  • To examine the impact of these biases on hypothetical treatment recommendations.

Main Methods:

  • Eight experiments involving adult perceivers (laypeople and teachers) and children aged 4-6.
  • Assessment of perceived pain levels and life hardship across racial groups.
  • Analysis of downstream consequences for treatment decisions.

Main Results:

  • Adults perceived Black children as feeling less pain than White children.
  • Perceptions of greater life hardship mediated the effect of race on pain perception.
  • Biased pain perceptions were linked to differences in hypothetical treatment recommendations.

Conclusions:

  • Race-based stereotypes influence adult evaluations of young children's pain.
  • These biases have implications for psychological theory and equitable pain management in children.
  • Addressing racial bias in pain assessment is essential for improving pediatric care.