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Exploring the precision redox map during fasting-refeeding and satiation in C. elegans.

Xinhua Qiao1, Lu Kang2, Chang Shi1,3

  • 1National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.

Stress Biology
|September 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Fasting alters hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and glutathione (GSH/GSSG) levels in C. elegans tissues and organelles. These redox changes are reversed upon refeeding, offering insights into metabolic regulation.

Keywords:
Caenorhabditis elegansFastingGrx1-roGFP2HyperionRedoxRefeedingSatiation

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Metabolism
  • Redox Biology
  • Animal Models

Background:

  • Fasting is a popular dietary strategy with numerous health benefits.
  • Redox regulation is a key mechanism underlying fasting's effects.
  • Precise redox changes in different cellular compartments during fasting remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically map redox changes in living animals under various dietary conditions.
  • To investigate the roles of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and glutathione (GSH/GSSG) redox states.
  • To explore these changes in specific organelles (cytoplasm, mitochondria, ER) and tissues (muscle, neurons).

Main Methods:

  • Construction of twelve genetically encoded redox-sensitive C. elegans strains.
  • Utilized Hyperion (H₂O₂) and Grx1-roGFP2 (GSH/GSSG) fluorescent probes.
  • Confocal microscopy was employed to measure redox changes during fasting, refeeding, and satiation.

Main Results:

  • Fasting generally decreased H₂O₂ but increased GSSG/GSH in specific cellular compartments.
  • Refeeding reversed most fasting-induced redox alterations in both tissues and organelles.
  • A satiated state led to increased H₂O₂ in most compartments and elevated GSSG/GSH in specific muscle ER.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides a precise redox map of C. elegans under different dietary states.
  • Findings offer a basis for understanding redox mechanisms in metabolism.
  • Results can aid in optimizing dietary guidance for metabolic health.