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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

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Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Hematopoiesis01:21

Hematopoiesis

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The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
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Updated: Jul 17, 2025

Isolation of Endothelial Progenitor Cells from Healthy Volunteers and Their Migratory Potential Influenced by Serum Samples After Cardiac Surgery
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Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Autoimmune Disorders.

Guillaume Feugray1, Sébastien Miranda2, Véronique Le Cam Duchez3

  • 1UNIROUEN, INSERM U1096 EnVI, CHU Rouen, Department of General Biochemistry, Normandie University, F-76000, Rouen, France.

Stem Cell Reviews and Reports
|September 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are crucial in repairing blood vessels. Their dysfunction is linked to autoimmune diseases and cardiovascular risks, highlighting a need for standardized assessment.

Keywords:
ANCA vasculitisAntiphospholipid syndromeAutoimmune diseasesEndothelial progenitor cellsRheumatoid arthritisSjögren syndromeSystemic lupus erythematosusThrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

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Last Updated: Jul 17, 2025

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Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of Endothelial Colony Forming Cells Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Blood
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), identified in 1997, are key to vascular repair.
  • EPCs are implicated in various conditions, including diabetes, myocardial infarction, and autoimmune diseases.
  • Autoimmune diseases with endothelial involvement, like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, show altered EPC function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the properties of EPCs.
  • To explore the role of EPCs in autoimmune diseases.
  • To discuss challenges in assessing EPCs for cardiovascular disease prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on EPCs.
  • Analysis of EPC involvement in endothelial damage and autoimmune pathologies.
  • Examination of factors contributing to endothelial damage and atherosclerosis.

Main Results:

  • EPCs play a role in endothelial repair and are affected in numerous diseases.
  • Autoimmune diseases involve pro-inflammatory cytokines and autoantibodies, impacting EPCs.
  • Current methods for assessing EPC number and function lack standardization, hindering their use as prognostic markers.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized assessment of EPCs is critical for their use as cardiovascular disease biomarkers.
  • Understanding EPC properties and their role in autoimmune diseases is essential for therapeutic strategies.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges in EPC evaluation.