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Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, or whether the articulating surfaces contact each other within a fluid-filled joint cavity. These differences serve to divide the joints of the body into three structural classifications.
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Proteins are involved in several cellular processes and biochemical reactions. Analyzing a specific protein of interest requires it to be isolated from the other proteins in the cell. This is achieved by overexpressing the specific gene in a suitable host to produce large quantities of the target protein. A tag or label is recombined with the gene to produce a fusion protein containing the target protein and the tag. The tags on these fusion proteins can then be used for easy detection and...
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It is far more common for collisions to occur in two dimensions; that is, the initial velocity vectors are neither parallel nor antiparallel to each other. Let's see what complications arise from this. The first idea is that momentum is a vector. Like all vectors, it can be expressed as a sum of perpendicular components (usually, though not always, an x-component and a y-component, and a z-component if necessary). Thus, when the statement of conservation of momentum is written for a...
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In multiple dimensions, the conservation of momentum applies in each direction independently. Hence, to solve collisions in multiple dimensions, we should write down the momentum conservation in each direction separately. To help understand collisions in multiple dimensions, consider an example.
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Functional Classification of Joints01:09

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Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
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Multicompartment models are mathematical constructs that depict how drugs are distributed and eliminated within the body. They segment the body into several compartments, symbolizing various physiological or anatomical areas connected through drug transfer processes such as absorption, metabolism, distribution, and elimination.
These models offer a more comprehensive representation of drug behavior in the body than one-compartment models. They accommodate the complexity of drug distribution,...
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MLSFF: Multi-level structural features fusion for multi-modal knowledge graph completion.

Hanming Zhai1, Xiaojun Lv2, Zhiwen Hou1

  • 1School of Information Network Security, People's Public Security University of China, Beijing 100038, China.

Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering : MBE
|September 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel multi-modal knowledge graph completion method. It enhances reasoning accuracy by learning multi-level graph structures, improving knowledge graph completeness.

Keywords:
graph neural networkknowledge graph completionlink predictionmulti-modal feature fusionmulti-modal knowledge graphtransformer

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Area of Science:

  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Data Science

Background:

  • Multi-modal knowledge graphs are crucial for storing human knowledge.
  • Knowledge graph incompleteness is a significant challenge, necessitating knowledge graph completion (KGC).
  • Existing KGC methods lack interpretability and struggle with multi-hop reasoning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel method for multi-modal knowledge graph completion.
  • To enhance reasoning accuracy and interpretability in multi-modal knowledge graphs.
  • To address the limitations of current embedding-based and graph neural network approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizes Transformer architecture for separate image and text modality representation learning.
  • Employs multimodal gating units for information filtering and feature fusion.
  • Extracts multi-level path features and applies graph convolutional operations for structural learning.

Main Results:

  • Achieved 1.8% improvement in Hits@1 on FB15K-237-IMG dataset.
  • Achieved 0.7% improvement in Hits@1 on WN18-IMG dataset.
  • Demonstrated effectiveness in multi-modal knowledge graph completion tasks.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed method effectively learns multi-level graph structural features.
  • The approach improves reasoning accuracy for multi-modal knowledge graph completion.
  • This work offers a promising direction for enhancing knowledge graph completeness and utility.