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Related Concept Videos

Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
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Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
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Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
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Overview
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GPCR Desensitization01:12

GPCR Desensitization

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G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling plays a crucial role in cell functioning. GPCR desensitization is an equally essential process. It allows cells to respond to changing environments and regain sensitivity to new stimuli while preventing unnecessary stimulation when no longer needed. Prolonged exposure to stimuli leads to GPCR desensitization. It involves blocking the receptors from binding and activating additional G proteins. This inhibits activation of downstream effectors, thereby...
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Hormones intricately bind to receptors on the surface or within target cells, initiating a cascade of cellular responses.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2025

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
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Progesterone Hypersensitivity Induced by Exogenous Progesterone Exposure.

Gurnoor Dhaliwal1, Jaskaran Batra2, Anvitha R Ankireddypalli3

  • 1Endocrinology, HealthPartners, Minneapolis, USA.

Cureus
|September 8, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Progesterone hypersensitivity (PH) is a rare condition causing cyclical allergic symptoms. Early diagnosis is crucial for women experiencing recurrent urticaria and angioedema linked to their menstrual cycle.

Keywords:
angioedemaautoimmune progesterone dermatitisintramuscular progesteroneprogesteroneprogesterone hypersensitivityurticaria

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Dermatology
  • Reproductive Endocrinology

Background:

  • Progesterone hypersensitivity (PH) is a rare condition characterized by allergic reactions to progesterone.
  • Fewer than 200 cases are documented, leading to diagnostic challenges.

Observation:

  • A 31-year-old female experienced cyclical urticaria and angioedema correlating with her menstrual cycle.
  • Symptoms emerged pre-menstrually and resolved post-menstruation, indicating a link to hormonal fluctuations.

Findings:

  • Standard allergy treatments including antihistamines, steroids, montelukast, and omalizumab provided only partial symptom relief.
  • Oral contraceptives led to symptom resolution but were followed by recurrence, suggesting a complex hormonal interplay.

Implications:

  • Delayed diagnosis of PH is common due to its rarity and cyclical presentation.
  • Consider PH in reproductive-aged women with cyclical allergic symptoms, particularly urticaria and angioedema.
  • Further research into the pathophysiology and optimal management of PH is warranted.