Targeting triple-negative breast cancer cells with a β1-integrin binding aptamer

Karlis Pleiko1,2, Maarja Haugas2, Vadims Parfejevs1

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, House of Science, Jelgavas Str. 3, 1004 Riga, Latvia.

PubMed

Insights

A new aptamer, GreenB1, targets β1-integrin in triple-negative breast cancer cells. This discovery offers potential for novel precision diagnostics and therapies for cancers expressing this protein.

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering
  • Cancer Research and Therapeutics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment is limited by a lack of targetable biomarkers and tumor heterogeneity.
  • Precision medicine requires effective targeting strategies for cancer cells.
  • Aptamers offer advantages over antibodies, including smaller size, enhanced stability, and reduced immunogenicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize novel aptamers for targeting triple-negative breast cancer.
  • To evaluate the specificity and affinity of the GreenB1 aptamer for its target molecule.
  • To explore the potential of the GreenB1 aptamer in developing precision diagnostic and therapeutic agents.

Main Methods:

  • Discovery and characterization of the GreenB1 aptamer.
  • In vitro studies using cultured triple-negative MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells.
  • Assessment of aptamer internalization and binding specificity to β1-integrin.
  • Determination of aptamer-target binding affinity.

Main Results:

  • The GreenB1 aptamer was successfully discovered and shown to be internalized in TNBC cells.
  • GreenB1 specifically targets β1-integrin, a protein associated with cancer cell invasiveness and migration.
  • The aptamer exhibits low nanomolar affinity for β1-integrin.

Conclusions:

  • The GreenB1 aptamer demonstrates high specificity and affinity for β1-integrin in triple-negative breast cancer.
  • This aptamer holds significant promise for the development of targeted diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
  • GreenB1-guided agents could improve precision interventions for cancers overexpressing β1-integrin.