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Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies
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Ulnar Variance in Athletes: A Scoping Review.

Noah M Scigliano1, Kareena F McSweeny1, Ignacio Garcia Fleury1

  • 1Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa.

Sports Health
|September 8, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review highlights that positive ulnar variance (UV) in athletes is linked to wrist injuries. Conventional radiography is the standard diagnostic tool, with Hafner's method being most common for measuring UV.

Keywords:
athletic injuriesimagingulnar variancewrist

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Sports Medicine
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Ulnar variance (UV) describes the relative lengths of the radius and ulna.
  • Perturbed UV, particularly positive UV, is observed in athletes and can lead to wrist pathologies.
  • These conditions may necessitate conservative or surgical treatment, potentially impacting sports participation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review diagnostic imaging methods for UV in athletes.
  • To explore the association between UV and specific wrist conditions.
  • To present treatment strategies for symptomatic UV in athletic populations.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive scoping review was conducted using PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
  • Systematic searches were performed in PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and SPORTDiscus up to February 2, 2022.
  • Included studies focused on UV characterization, imaging modalities, and athletic populations.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria, analyzing data from eight sports.
  • Conventional radiography is the primary diagnostic method for UV, with various radiographic views and measurement techniques employed (Hafner's, Palmer's, perpendiculars).
  • Athletes exhibited higher rates of positive UV compared to non-athletes, and positive UV was associated with triangular fibrocartilage complex tears, focal lunate necrosis, and ulnar abutment.

Conclusions:

  • Conventional radiography is the established gold standard for diagnosing UV in athletes.
  • Hafner's method is the most frequently utilized technique for measuring UV on radiographs.
  • Positive UV in athletes may signal underlying wrist pathology requiring surgical intervention.