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[Risk factors and adherence to treatment of patients with cerebrovascular diseases]
L I Pyshkina1, A A Tyazhelnikov1,2, A A Kabanov1
1Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
Insights
Patients with cerebrovascular diseases who experienced ischemic events showed better adherence to prescribed medications like antiplatelet agents and statins. Understanding risk factors and adherence is key for effective cerebrovascular disease prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Cardiology
- Public Health
Context:
- Cerebrovascular diseases represent a significant global health burden.
- Assessing risk factors and treatment adherence is crucial for effective disease management.
- Understanding patient adherence patterns can inform preventative strategies.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the prevalence of risk factors and assess treatment adherence in patients with cerebrovascular diseases.
- To compare adherence levels between patients with ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack and those with chronic cerebrovascular pathology.
- To identify factors associated with medication adherence in this patient population.
Summary:
- A cross-sectional study of 492 patients with cerebrovascular diseases revealed that those with a history of ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack demonstrated higher adherence to antiplatelet agents, statins, and antihypertensive drugs.
- Factors positively associated with regular antithrombotic drug intake included a history of ischemic stroke, type 2 diabetes, atrial fibrillation, and living with family.
- Conversely, older age, cognitive impairment, and a history of gastrointestinal diseases were linked to lower adherence to antiplatelet drugs. Irregular medication intake was more prevalent in older patients and those living alone.
Impact:
- Findings highlight the importance of considering patient history and social factors in improving medication adherence.
- The study provides insights for developing targeted interventions to enhance primary and secondary prevention of cerebrovascular diseases.
- Improved adherence strategies can lead to better patient outcomes and reduced healthcare costs associated with cerebrovascular events.
Objective:
To assess the representation of risk factors and treatment adherence in patients with cerebrovascular diseases.
Material And Methods:
A single-stage cross-sectional non-comparable study was conducted, which included 492 patients, of whom 133 had an ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack (main group, MG), 344 had chronic cerebrovascular pathology (comparison group, CG). The representation of risk factors, the state of cognitive functions, the severity of anxiety and depression were evaluated.
Results:
MG respondents visit specialized specialists more often than CG (p<0.001), are more committed to taking antiplatelet agents (p<0.003), statins (p<0.005), antihypertensive drugs (p<0.005). Regular intake of antithrombotic drugs was associated with the history of ischemic stroke (r=0.483; p<0.01), type 2 diabetes (r=0.637; p<0.011), atrial fibrillation (r=0.481; p<0.001), living in a family (r=0.493; p<0.03). An inverse correlation was established between the systematic intake of antiplatelet drugs and the age of the respondents (r=-0.637; p<0.002), cognitive impairment (r=-0.433; p<0.05), the history of the gastrointestinal tract diseases (gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer) (r=-0.563; p<0.001). Irregular medication intake was observed in patients aged over 60 years compared with younger (17.3% and 6.4%, respectively, p=0.001), patients living in a family compared with single (85.6% and 65.1%, p=0.032). The history of ischemic stroke or myocardial infarction is associated with increased adherence to regular medication.
Conclusion:
The study of risk factors and the assessment of treatment adherence can ensure the formation of an effective strategy for primary and secondary prevention of cerebrovascular diseases.
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