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Risk for Suicidal Behavior After Psychiatric Hospitalization Among Sexual and Gender Minority Patients.

Brian C Thoma1, Emily Hone2, Alyssa Roig2

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Sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals face higher risks of suicidal behavior after psychiatric hospitalization. Gender minority patients showed persistently higher risks, highlighting the need for tailored care.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Public Health
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • The period following inpatient psychiatric hospitalization is critical for preventing suicidal behavior.
  • Sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals experience disproportionately higher rates of suicidal behavior.
  • Limited research exists on the post-discharge suicidal behavior risk among SGM psychiatric inpatients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if SGM patients have a higher risk of suicidal behavior post-discharge compared to heterosexual and cisgender patients.
  • To investigate whether demographic and clinical factors explain any observed differences in risk.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study involving 160 psychiatric inpatients aged 18-30 years.
  • Data collected through follow-up visits and electronic health records from August 2017 to July 2021.
  • Assessed onset or recurrence of suicidal behavior post-discharge.

Main Results:

  • Sexual minority (SM) and gender minority (GM) patients exhibited significantly higher unadjusted risks for suicidal behavior post-discharge.
  • After controlling for covariates, the elevated risk for SM patients was no longer significant.
  • GM patients, however, maintained a significantly higher risk for suicidal behavior within 100 days post-discharge, independent of demographic and clinical factors.

Conclusions:

  • SGM individuals, particularly gender minority patients, face elevated risks for suicidal behavior after psychiatric discharge.
  • Clinical factors accounted for the heightened risk in sexual minority patients, but not for gender minority patients.
  • Affirming care and further research with larger gender minority cohorts are crucial for improving post-discharge outcomes.