Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions01:28

Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions

993
An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...
993
Potential Due to a Magnetized Object01:24

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

313
Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
The vector...
313
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

676
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
676
Torque On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field01:13

Torque On A Current Loop In A Magnetic Field

4.1K
The most common application of magnetic force on current-carrying wires is in electric motors. These consist of loops of wire, which are placed between the magnets with a magnetic field. When current flows through the loops, the magnetic field applies torque, which causes the shaft to rotate, thus converting electrical energy to mechanical energy.
Consider a rectangular current-carrying loop containing N turns of wire, placed in a uniform magnetic field. The net force on a current-carrying loop...
4.1K
Magnetic Vector Potential01:15

Magnetic Vector Potential

680
In electrostatics, the electric field can be written as the negative gradient of the potential. In magnetostatics, the zero divergence of the magnetic field ensures that the magnetic field can be expressed as the curl of a vector potential. This potential is known as the magnetic vector potential.
Consider an ideal solenoid with n turns per unit length and radius R. If I is the current through the solenoid, the magnetic field inside the solenoid is expressed as the product of vacuum...
680
Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges01:23

Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges

8.8K
A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
Consider a point charge moving with a constant velocity. Like the electric field, the magnetic field at any point is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the source point and the field point. However, unlike the electric field, the magnetic field is always perpendicular to the plane containing the line...
8.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Enhancing motor function after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of bioelectrical feedback interventions.

Frontiers in medicine·2026
Same author

Interfacial Electronic Modulation Redirects Anodic Radical Chemistry for Selective C─C Bond Cleavage in Electro-Oxidative Lignin Depolymerization.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Remote Ischemic Postconditioning in Endovascular Thrombectomy for Stroke: The EnTRIPS Randomized Clinical Trial.

Stroke·2026
Same author

Exocarpium Citri Grandis oil relieves depressive-like behaviors via neurotransmitter and inflammatory pathway modulation.

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and biological sciences·2026
Same author

Virtual photon-counting micro-CT platform for simulation of head and neck cancer imaging in mice.

Physics in medicine and biology·2026
Same author

Licochalcone B alleviates atherosclerosis by inhibiting endothelial inflammation via targeting the KEAP1/NRF2/NF-κB signalling pathway.

Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2025

Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry
07:17

Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry

Published on: August 1, 2017

12.7K

Extended Magnetic Reconnection in Kinetic Plasma Turbulence.

Tak Chu Li1, Yi-Hsin Liu1, Yi Qi2

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|September 8, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Magnetic reconnection in plasma turbulence forms extended X lines at kinetic scales, challenging previous patchy models. This finding is crucial for understanding magnetized turbulence dynamics.

More Related Videos

A 100 KW Class Applied-field Magnetoplasmadynamic Thruster
11:47

A 100 KW Class Applied-field Magnetoplasmadynamic Thruster

Published on: December 22, 2018

9.1K
Investigation of Early Plasma Evolution Induced by Ultrashort Laser Pulses
11:20

Investigation of Early Plasma Evolution Induced by Ultrashort Laser Pulses

Published on: July 2, 2012

15.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 17, 2025

Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry
07:17

Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry

Published on: August 1, 2017

12.7K
A 100 KW Class Applied-field Magnetoplasmadynamic Thruster
11:47

A 100 KW Class Applied-field Magnetoplasmadynamic Thruster

Published on: December 22, 2018

9.1K
Investigation of Early Plasma Evolution Induced by Ultrashort Laser Pulses
11:20

Investigation of Early Plasma Evolution Induced by Ultrashort Laser Pulses

Published on: July 2, 2012

15.0K

Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Astrophysics
  • Space Physics

Background:

  • Magnetic reconnection and plasma turbulence are fundamental processes in various plasma environments.
  • Decades of research suggest reconnection influences turbulence energetics and dynamics.
  • Understanding reconnection at kinetic scales is key to solving the general problem of magnetized turbulence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the fundamental properties of magnetic reconnection within kinetic-scale plasma turbulence.
  • To apply a novel magnetic flux transport method for accurate reconnection identification in simulations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a three-dimensional simulation of magnetized plasma turbulence.
  • Applied the magnetic flux transport method to identify and analyze magnetic reconnection events.
  • Examined the scale and structure of reconnection sites.

Main Results:

  • Contrary to expectations, highly extended reconnection X lines, comparable to system size, were observed at kinetic scales.
  • Extended X lines form through a process of bidirectional reconnection spreading.
  • The extent of these X lines satisfies critical balance conditions characteristic of turbulence.

Conclusions:

  • Magnetic reconnection in kinetic-scale turbulence is fundamentally extended, not patchy.
  • The findings provide a new framework for understanding energy dissipation and dynamics in turbulent plasmas.
  • This work advances the study of fundamental plasma processes in astrophysical and laboratory settings.