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Distinct Patterns of Connectivity between Brain Regions Underlie the Intra-Modal and Cross-Modal Value-Driven

Jessica Emily Antono1, Shilpa Dang1,2, Ryszard Auksztulewicz3

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Past reward associations influence visual perception through distinct neural pathways. This study found that both visual and auditory reward cues modulate visual processing via valuation and attention brain regions, with unique connectivity patterns for each sensory modality.

Keywords:
fMRIrewardsensory modalityvaluevisual perception

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Perception

Background:

  • Reward associations significantly impact sensory perception across different modalities.
  • Understanding the neural mechanisms of how reward cues modulate sensory processing is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how intra-modal (visual) and cross-modal (auditory) reward-associated cues modulate visual perception.
  • To identify distinct neural pathways and brain regions involved in value-driven visual processing.

Main Methods:

  • Human functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) study with visual targets and intra-modal/cross-modal reward cues.
  • Multivariate pattern analysis to assess target representation in visual areas.
  • Effective connectivity analysis to model pathways from valuation and attention regions to the visual cortex.

Main Results:

  • Reward cues enhanced visual target representation in early visual areas.
  • Valuation and attention brain regions were recruited by both intra-modal and cross-modal reward cues.
  • Distinct feedforward and feedback connectivity patterns were observed between higher-order brain areas and the visual cortex for intra- vs. cross-modal rewards.

Conclusions:

  • Reward-driven modulation of visual perception involves both domain-general (valuation, attention) and domain-specific mechanisms.
  • The brain flexibly recruits distinct neural communication pathways to integrate reward information from different sensory modalities.
  • These findings highlight the complex interplay between reward, attention, and sensory processing in adapting to environmental stimuli.