Deep Learning-Based Near-Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging for Food Nutrition Estimation

The limited nutritional information provided by external food representations has constrained the further development of food nutrition estimation. Near-infrared hyperspectral imaging (NIR-HSI) technology can capture food chemical characteristics directly related to nutrition and is widely used in food science. However, conventional data analysis methods may lack the capability of modeling complex nonlinear relations between spectral information and nutrition content. Therefore, we initiated this study to explore the feasibility of integrating deep learning with NIR-HSI for food nutrition estimation. Inspired by reinforcement learning, we proposed OptmWave, an approach that can perform modeling and wavelength selection simultaneously. It achieved the highest accuracy on our constructed scrambled eggs with tomatoes dataset, with a determination coefficient of 0.9913 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.3548. The interpretability of our selection results was confirmed through spectral analysis, validating the feasibility of deep learning-based NIR-HSI in food nutrition estimation.