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A Biopsychosocial Model Predicting Myocardial Infarction

José M Tomás1, Amparo Oliver1, Zaira Torres1

  • 1Department of Methodology for the Behavioral Sciences, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|September 9, 2023
PubMed

Insights

This study reveals that social and mental health factors significantly impact frailty, which in turn influences cardiovascular risk factors. Addressing these interconnected elements is crucial for improving heart health outcomes in older adults.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cardiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Myocardial infarction is a leading cause of mortality globally.
  • Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) are primary targets in myocardial infarction research.
  • The interplay of social, psychological variables, and frailty with CVRFs remains understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the simultaneous effects of social, psychological factors, and frailty on myocardial infarction risk.
  • To analyze the pathways through which well-being, depression, and social connectedness influence frailty.
  • To determine the extent to which frailty explains the variability in CVRFs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) project, Wave 8.
  • Included a representative sample of 46,498 participants aged 50 years and older.
  • Employed a structural equation model to analyze the relationships between variables.

Main Results:

  • The structural equation model predicted 27% of myocardial infarction occurrence.
  • Well-being, depression, and social connectedness significantly affected frailty.
  • Frailty explained 15.5% of the variability in cardiovascular risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • Physical, social, and mental health factors must be studied concurrently to understand myocardial infarction.
  • Interventions targeting frailty can potentially improve cardiovascular outcomes.
  • A holistic approach is necessary for effective cardiovascular disease prevention and management.

Keywords:
SHARE surveyagingbiopsychosocial approachcardiovascular diseasecoronary artery diseasefrailty

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