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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
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Other Disorders of Digestive System01:30

Other Disorders of Digestive System

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The gastrointestinal tract is susceptible to various disorders. If the lower esophageal sphincter is damaged, stomach acid can flow back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation of the lining. This condition is called gastroesophageal reflux disease (known as heartburn) and may cause chest pain and difficulty swallowing. In the stomach, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, chronic alcohol consumption, bacterial infections such as Helicobacter...
865
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
213
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

478
Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
478
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
354
Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types01:27

Gastritis-I: Introduction and Types

522
Gastritis, defined by the inflammation or irritation of the stomach lining or gastric mucosa, manifests in several distinct forms: acute, chronic, reactive, and a specific subtype known as autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis.
Acute gastritis presents as a sudden inflammation triggered by various stressors to the stomach lining, such as exposure to corrosive agents, local irritants like aspirin and other NSAIDs, alcohol consumption, radiation therapy, physical trauma, severe burns, sepsis,...
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Related Experiment Video

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Non-invasive Assessment of the Efficacy of New Therapeutics for Intestinal Pathologies Using Serial Endoscopic Imaging of Live Mice
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Inflammation and Digestive Cancer.

Helge Waldum1, Reidar Fossmark1

  • 1Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7030 Trondheim, Norway.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|September 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic inflammation in digestive organs like the stomach and liver can lead to cancer. This review examines how chronic gastritis, particularly from Helicobacter pylori, contributes to digestive organ carcinogenesis.

Keywords:
carcinogenesischronic gastritischronic hepatitiscolon cancergastric cancerhepatocellular carcinomahormonal carcinogenesisinflammationinflammatory bowel diseasemechanism

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Oncology
  • Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis

Background:

  • Chronic inflammation is a known risk factor for cancer development in digestive organs, including the stomach, colon, and liver.
  • Conditions such as chronic hepatitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and chronic gastritis predispose individuals to malignancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms by which chronic inflammation contributes to carcinogenesis in digestive organs.
  • To focus on chronic gastritis, exploring its role in cancer development, particularly in relation to Helicobacter pylori infection.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on chronic inflammatory conditions and their link to digestive organ cancers.
  • Analysis of four proposed mechanisms linking chronic inflammation to malignancy: genotoxicity of the cause, genotoxicity of inflammatory mediators, compensatory proliferation, and hormonal disturbances.

Main Results:

  • Hepatitis B virus genotoxicity is a key factor in hepatocellular cancer.
  • Viral infections are central to the etiology of inflammatory bowel diseases and associated malignancies.
  • Helicobacter pylori, a dominant cause of chronic gastritis, is not directly genotoxic but may induce cancer via atrophic oxyntic gastritis and hypergastrinemia.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic inflammation plays a significant role in the carcinogenesis of digestive organs through multiple mechanisms.
  • Helicobacter pylori-induced chronic gastritis represents a critical pathway to stomach cancer, primarily through hypergastrinemia.
  • Understanding these inflammatory pathways is crucial for developing strategies to prevent digestive organ cancers.