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Related Concept Videos

Van der Waals Interactions01:24

Van der Waals Interactions

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Atoms and molecules interact with each other through intermolecular forces. These electrostatic forces arise from attractive or repulsive interactions between particles with permanent, partial, or temporary charges. The intermolecular forces between neutral atoms and molecules are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, and dispersion forces, collectively known as van der Waals forces.
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Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Cold Cathodes with Two-Dimensional van der Waals Materials.

Yicong Chen1, Jun Chen1, Zhibing Li2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Two-dimensional van der Waals materials show promise for advanced cold cathodes, offering unique electron emission properties. Research focuses on enhancing efficiency, stability, and understanding novel phenomena for future applications.

Keywords:
2D van der Waals materialscoherencecold cathodefield emissionhot electron emission

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals materials, including graphene, are explored as electron emitters in cold cathodes.
  • These materials can be fabricated into diverse heterostructures with insulators or metallic cathodes via van der Waals forces.
  • Significant phenomena in 2D van der Waals field emitters have been observed and predicted, driving research interest.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent experimental and theoretical advancements in 2D van der Waals cold cathodes.
  • To highlight unique electron emission phenomena absent in conventional cold cathodes.
  • To discuss fabrication, properties, models, and future trends in 2D material-based field emitters.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental fabrication techniques for 2D van der Waals field emitter structures.
  • Analysis of experimental data on field emission properties of various 2D material-based cathodes.
  • Compilation and synthesis of theoretical studies on atomic-scale electron emission mechanisms.
  • Examination of existing field emission models for 2D van der Waals materials.

Main Results:

  • Progress in fabricating diverse 2D van der Waals heterostructures for field emission.
  • Observation of novel electron emission behaviors like coherence and directionality, particularly in the normal direction.
  • Identification of gaps in the theoretical understanding of experimental emission phenomena.
  • Demonstration of potential for enhanced efficiency, stability, and uniformity compared to conventional cathodes.

Conclusions:

  • 2D van der Waals materials offer unique advantages for cold cathode applications.
  • Further theoretical and experimental research is needed to fully elucidate emission mechanisms and optimize performance.
  • Continued investigation into novel phenomena could lead to innovative applications in electron emission technology.