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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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The Antiviral System of Bacteria and Archaea: CRISPR01:23

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CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats is a adaptive immune system found in bacteria and archaea that protects against viral infections. This system enables prokaryotic cells to identify, remember, and neutralize foreign genetic elements, primarily bacteriophages, by storing fragments of the invader’s DNA as a genetic memory.The CRISPR immune response begins during an initial infection. Cas (CRISPR-associated) proteins play a central role in this...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Author Spotlight: Streamlining Rice Breeding with CRISPR/Cas for Obtaining Optimal Phenotypic and Agronomic Traits
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CRISPR/Cas Technology Revolutionizes Crop Breeding.

Qiaoling Tang1,2, Xujing Wang2, Xi Jin3

  • 1National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, China.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary

CRISPR/Cas gene editing revolutionizes crop breeding by enabling precise genetic modifications for enhanced yield, quality, and stress resistance. This technology accelerates the development of novel crop varieties, transforming sustainable agriculture.

Keywords:
CRISPR/Cas technologybreeding technologycropgermplasm

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Genetics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Sustainable food demand necessitates advancements in crop breeding.
  • CRISPR/Cas technology offers rapid and precise gene editing for novel germplasm generation.
  • This technology is pivotal for agricultural innovation and developing new breeding techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in CRISPR/Cas technology for crop improvement.
  • To highlight CRISPR/Cas applications in gene function analysis and new germplasm development.
  • To discuss the challenges and future development of CRISPR/Cas in crop breeding.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on CRISPR/Cas applications in agriculture.
  • Analysis of CRISPR/Cas impact on yield, quality, and stress resistance.
  • Examination of specific applications like de novo domestication and hybrid breeding.

Main Results:

  • CRISPR/Cas facilitates gene function analysis and the creation of improved crop varieties.
  • Applications include de novo domestication, decoupling gene pleiotropy, and enhancing hybrid seed production.
  • Breakthroughs in hybrid rice asexual reproduction and double haploid breeding were observed.

Conclusions:

  • CRISPR/Cas technology is transforming crop breeding, leading to significant agricultural innovation.
  • Continued development promises a new era in crop improvement for global food security.
  • Addressing challenges in CRISPR/Cas application is crucial for its future success in crops.