Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Author Spotlight: Tracing the Ferroptotic Signatures and Cell Death Dynamics in Medulloblastoma for Advanced Therapeutics
Published on: March 15, 2024
β-Elemene induced ferroptosis via TFEB-mediated GPX4 degradation in EGFR wide-type non-small cell lung cancer
Li-Ping Zhao1, Hao-Jie Wang1, Die Hu1
1School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China.
Introduction:
β-Elemene (β-ELE), derived from Curcuma wenyujin, has anticancer effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the potential target and detail mechanism were still not clear. TFEB is the master regulator of lysosome biogenesis. Ferroptosis, a promising strategy for cancer therapy could be triggered via suppression on glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Weather TFEB-mediated lysosome degradation contributes to GPX4 decline and how β-ELE modulates on this process are not clear.
Objectives:
To observe the action of β-ELE on TFEB, and the role of TFEB-mediated GPX4 degradation in β-ELE induced ferroptosis.
Methods:
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and molecular docking were applied to observe the binding affinity of β-ELE on TFEB. Activation of TFEB and lysosome were observed by immunofluorescence, western blot, flow cytometry and qPCR. Ferroptosis induced by β-ELE was observed via lipid ROS, a labile iron pool (LIP) assay and western blot. A549TFEB KO cells were established via CRISPR/Cas9. The regulation of TFEB on GPX4 and ferroptosis was observed in β-ELE treated A549WT and A549TFEB KO cells, which was further studied in orthotopic NOD/SCID mouse model.
Results:
β-ELE can bind to TFEB, notably activate TFEB, lysosome and transcriptional increase on downstream gene GLA, MCOLN1, SLC26A11 involved in lysosome activity in EGFR wild-type NSCLC cells. β-ELE increased GPX4 ubiquitination and lysosomal localization, with the increase on lysosome degradation of GPX4. Furthermore, β-ELE induced ferroptosis, which could be promoted by TFEB overexpression or compromised by TFEB knockout. Genetic knockout or inactivation of TFEB compromised β-ELE induced lysosome degradation of GPX4, which was further demonstrated in orthotopic NSCLC NOD/SCID mice model.
Conclusion:
This study firstly demonstrated that TFEB promoted GPX4 lysosome degradation contributes to β-ELE induced ferroptosis in EGFR wild-type NSCLC, which gives a clue that TFEB mediated GPX4 degradation would be a novel strategy for ferroptosis induction and NSCLC therapy.
Insights
Beta-elemene (β-ELE) activates TFEB, promoting lysosomal degradation of GPX4 and inducing ferroptosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This TFEB-mediated pathway offers a new therapeutic strategy for NSCLC.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cancer Research
- Cellular Mechanisms
Background:
- Beta-elemene (β-ELE), derived from Curcuma wenyujin, exhibits anticancer effects in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
- The precise molecular targets and mechanisms of β-ELE, particularly its role in ferroptosis, remain unclear.
- TFEB regulates lysosome biogenesis, while ferroptosis can be induced by suppressing GPX4; the interplay between TFEB, GPX4, and β-ELE is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the interaction between β-ELE and TFEB.
- To elucidate the role of TFEB-mediated GPX4 degradation in β-ELE-induced ferroptosis.
Main Methods:
- Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and molecular docking were used to assess β-ELE's binding affinity to TFEB.
- Immunofluorescence, western blot, flow cytometry, and qPCR were employed to analyze TFEB and lysosome activation.
- Ferroptosis was evaluated using lipid ROS, labile iron pool (LIP) assays, and western blot; CRISPR/Cas9 was used to create TFEB knockout cells for further mechanistic studies in vitro and in vivo.
Main Results:
- β-ELE directly binds to TFEB, activating TFEB, lysosomal activity, and downstream genes (GLA, MCOLN1, SLC26A11) in EGFR wild-type NSCLC cells.
- β-ELE enhances GPX4 ubiquitination and lysosomal localization, leading to increased GPX4 degradation and subsequent ferroptosis.
- TFEB activation promotes β-ELE-induced ferroptosis, while TFEB knockout significantly compromises this effect, as confirmed in an orthotopic mouse model.
Conclusions:
- This study demonstrates that TFEB-mediated lysosomal degradation of GPX4 is a key mechanism underlying β-ELE-induced ferroptosis in EGFR wild-type NSCLC.
- Targeting TFEB-mediated GPX4 degradation presents a novel therapeutic strategy for inducing ferroptosis and treating NSCLC.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Necrosis
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become...
Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

