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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Pelvic Floor and Perineum01:26

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The muscles of the pelvic floor and perineum are crucial for supporting the pelvic organs, controlling continence, and aiding in sexual function, childbirth, and core stability. They are typically divided into the superficial perineal layer and the deep pelvic floor layer.
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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
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Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
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Dissociative Disorders01:27

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Dissociative disorders represent complex psychological conditions characterized by disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, or perception. These disruptions cause individuals to experience a disconnection from their thoughts, emotions, and memories. The phenomenon is not merely an occasional lapse in attention but a profound alteration in mental functioning that can severely impact daily life.
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Functional Classification of Joints01:09

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Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
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[Translated article] Spinopelvic dissociation: Current concepts.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

C-arm-Free Simultaneous OLIF51 and Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Fixation in a Single Lateral Position
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Spinopelvic dissociation: Current concepts.

M Hirschfeld1, F J Pascual-López1, E Guerado1

  • 1Hospital Universitario Costa del Sol, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, España.

Revista Espanola De Cirugia Ortopedica Y Traumatologia
|September 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spinopelvic dissociation is a severe injury requiring specialized care. Current evidence suggests surgical intervention, particularly triangular fixation, is the preferred treatment for this rare condition.

Keywords:
Disociación espinopélvicaFracturas de sacroOsteosíntesis triangularPolitraumatizadoPolytraumatizeSacral fracturesSpinopelvic dissociationTriangular osteosynthesis

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Traumatology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Spinopelvic dissociation is a rare but serious injury with significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Limited specialist experience due to low injury frequency poses management challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review treatment indications for spinopelvic dissociation.
  • To analyze surgical techniques and classification systems for this injury.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of high-impact journals.
  • Utilized major scientific databases: Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Science Direct, OVID.

Main Results:

  • Diagnosis relies on thorough clinical evaluation and imaging, with tomography being crucial.
  • Surgical management is the primary approach, with conservative options limited to select cases.

Conclusions:

  • Management of spinopelvic dissociation presents a significant clinical challenge.
  • Triangular fixation is currently the gold standard surgical treatment for spinopelvic dissociation.