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Metabolomics and transcriptomics based multi-omics integration reveals radiation-induced altered pathway networking
Kiran Maan1,2, Ruchi Baghel1, Seema Dhariwal1
1Metabolomics Research Facility, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), DRDO, Delhi, India.
NPJ Systems Biology and Applications
|September 9, 2023
Summary
This study integrates multi-omics data from mice exposed to radiation, revealing significant changes in metabolism and immune response. Omics integration offers a powerful tool for understanding radiation effects and identifying biomarkers.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical research
- Radiation biology
- Systems biology
Background:
- Multi-omics technologies are advancing biomedical research.
- Omics approaches are emerging in radiation research for biomarker discovery.
- Understanding biological responses to radiation is crucial for triage management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively understand biological processes after total-body irradiation (TBI) using an integrated multi-omics approach.
- To identify biomarkers for radiation exposure using transcriptomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics.
- To explore integrated pathways and molecular interactions in response to radiation.
Main Methods:
- Combinatorial multi-omics analysis (transcriptomics, metabolomics, lipidomics) of blood from mice exposed to 1 Gy (low dose) and 7.5 Gy (high dose) TBI.
- Multivariate analysis for group demarcation.
- Joint-Pathway Analysis and STITCH interaction for pathway and network analysis.
- Gene Ontology and BioPAN for pathway prediction.
Main Results:
- High dose (HD) radiation exposure clearly demarcated from control groups via multivariate analysis.
- Significant dysregulation observed in amino acids, phosphatidylcholines (PC), phosphatidylethanolamines (PE), carnitine, and specific genes (e.g., Nos2, Hmgcs2, Oxct2a).
- Integrated pathway analysis revealed alterations in amino acid, carbohydrate, lipid, nucleotide, and fatty acid metabolism, along with an elicited immune response.
- Fatty acid metabolism pathway genes (Elovl5, Elovl6, Fads2) were specifically predicted in the HD group.
Conclusions:
- Integrated multi-omics approach provides a deeper understanding of biological processes and molecular interactions following TBI.
- This study represents a novel application of integrated omics in radiation metabolomics.
- Omics integration is a valuable tool for elucidating mechanisms and interactions in radiation research.
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