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Bullying before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Tracy Vaillancourt1, Ann H Farrell2, Heather Brittain3
1Counselling Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Current Opinion in Psychology
|September 10, 2023
Summary
Bullying rates decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially with online learning, but varied by country. Racialized and LGBTQ+ youth consistently faced higher victimization, highlighting the need for further research and prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Social Psychology
- Public Health
- Education
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic introduced significant social and public health restrictions.
- Understanding the impact of these changes on student behavior, specifically bullying, is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the prevalence of bullying victimization and perpetration during the COVID-19 pandemic with pre-pandemic levels.
- To analyze variations in bullying rates based on geographical location, social restrictions, and student demographics.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of existing studies on bullying during the pandemic.
- Comparison of bullying rates across different countries and learning environments (in-person vs. online).
- Analysis of bullying trends among specific vulnerable youth populations, including racialized and LGBTQ+ youth.
Main Results:
- Several studies reported a decrease in overall bullying prevalence during the pandemic, particularly with the implementation of online learning.
- Conversely, countries with fewer social restrictions observed an increase in bullying rates.
- Racialized and LGBTQ+ youth consistently reported higher rates of bullying victimization, mirroring pre-pandemic trends.
Conclusions:
- Inconsistencies in findings are attributed to variations in research methodologies, timeframes, sampling, and the extent of social restrictions.
- Longitudinal studies are necessary to definitively determine changes in bullying involvement.
- Peer relationships remain significant, and increased teacher supervision may serve as an effective bullying prevention strategy.
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