Current and preclinical treatment options for Merkel cell carcinoma

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Dermatology
• Immunology

Background:

• Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive skin cancer with neuroendocrine features.
• MCC's etiology involves distinct viral and UV-induced pathways.
• Limited therapeutic options and high mortality underscore the need for MCC research advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent preclinical and clinical studies on Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) therapy.
• To highlight the significance of ongoing MCC research.
• To emphasize the necessity for developing novel therapeutic strategies for MCC.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature search of preclinical and clinical studies.
• Review of recent advancements in MCC treatment modalities.
• Analysis of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies in advanced MCC.

Main Results:

• Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) provide survival benefits for advanced MCC.
• Primary and acquired resistance to ICIs is a significant concern in MCC treatment.
• Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy is the current evidence-based treatment for advanced MCC.

Conclusions:

• ICI therapies represent a significant advancement in treating advanced MCC.
• Addressing therapeutic resistance is crucial for improving patient outcomes in MCC.
• Further research into additional therapeutic targets and approaches is essential for MCC management.