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Causal relationship between gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Hanjing Li1,2, Candong Li1,2,3

  • 1College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|September 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Gut microbiota alterations are linked to type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study used Mendelian randomization to identify six bacterial genera with causal relationships to T2D, suggesting specific microbes may influence disease risk.

Keywords:
Mendelian randomizationcausal relationshipgenome-wide association studygut microbiotatype 2 diabetes

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Human genetics
  • Metabolic disease research

Background:

  • Gut microbial dysbiosis is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
  • The causal relationship between gut microbiota and T2D remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal relationship between gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes (T2D).
  • To identify specific bacterial taxa causally linked to T2D risk.

Main Methods:

  • Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data on gut microbiota and T2D were analyzed.
  • Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to infer causality.
  • Sensitivity, heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and reverse MR analyses were conducted to ensure robustness.

Main Results:

  • Six bacterial genera were identified as causally related to T2D: *Lachnoclostridium, Oscillospira, Roseburia, Ruminococcaceae UCG003, Ruminococcaceae UCG010*, and *Streptococcus*.
  • Increased abundance of *Lachnoclostridium, Roseburia*, and *Streptococcus* was associated with higher T2D risk.
  • *Oscillospira, Ruminococcaceae UCG003*, and *Ruminococcaceae UCG010* were associated with lower T2D risk.
  • Reverse MR analysis found no evidence of reverse causation.

Conclusions:

  • Specific gut microbiota genera have a causal impact on type 2 diabetes (T2D).
  • *Lachnoclostridium, Roseburia*, and *Streptococcus* may have an anti-protective effect on T2D.
  • *Oscillospira, Ruminococcaceae UCG003*, and *Ruminococcaceae UCG010* may exert a protective effect against T2D.