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Use of Ceftazidime-Avibactam for Suspected or Confirmed Carbapenem-Resistant Organisms in Children: A Retrospective

Haiyang Meng1,2, Yongmei Zhao1,2, Qi An1,2

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.

Infection and Drug Resistance
|September 11, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Ceftazidime-avibactam shows promise in treating carbapenem-resistant organism (CRO) infections in children, with high clinical response rates in both targeted and empiric therapy. This antibiotic combination is vital for improving survival and clinical outcomes in pediatric patients facing these challenging infections.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Antimicrobial Resistance
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • The incidence of carbapenem-resistant organism (CRO) infections is rising in pediatric populations.
  • Pediatric-specific treatment guidelines for CRO infections are limited.
  • Ceftazidime/avibactam is an effective antimicrobial agent against CRO isolates, but pediatric data are scarce.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ceftazidime/avibactam in children with carbapenem-resistant organism infections.
  • To assess clinical response and mortality rates in pediatric patients treated with ceftazidime/avibactam.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of pediatric patients (<18 years) treated with ceftazidime-avibactam.
  • Data collected from 2020-2022 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University.
  • Analysis of confirmed and suspected CRO infections, including pathogen identification and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 38 children were included; 20 had hematologic malignancies.
  • 25 children with confirmed CRO infections (primarily CRE) showed an 84% clinical response rate and a 20% 30-day mortality rate.
  • 13 children receiving empiric therapy had a 92.3% clinical response rate and no deaths.

Conclusions:

  • Ceftazidime-avibactam demonstrates significant clinical efficacy in pediatric patients with CRO infections.
  • The drug improves survival and clinical response rates in children, supporting its use in treating these difficult-to-treat infections.
Abstract

Keywords:
carbapenem-resistant organismsceftazidime-avibactamchildren

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