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Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH): Etiology, Diagnosis, and Management

Khaled Bakarman1, Abdulmonem M Alsiddiky2, Mohamed Zamzam3

  • 1Pediatric Orthopaedics, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU.

Cureus
|September 11, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a hip disorder diagnosed through screening and ultrasound. Early detection and treatment, particularly for residual acetabular dysplasia, are crucial to prevent early hip arthritis.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) encompasses a spectrum of hip abnormalities, from instability to dislocation.
  • It can lead to structural changes and premature coxarthrosis (hip arthritis).
  • While risk factors are known, the precise etiology and pathophysiology remain elusive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current strategies for detecting and treating DDH.
  • To focus on managing residual acetabular dysplasia (AD) after hip reduction.
  • To highlight ongoing research and areas for future investigation in AD management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current practices in DDH detection and treatment.
  • Focus on management strategies for residual acetabular dysplasia.
  • Discussion of recent research findings and proposed treatment options for AD.

Main Results:

  • Neonatal screening, physical examination, and ultrasound are vital for early DDH diagnosis.
  • Persistent AD after hip reduction may necessitate pelvic osteotomy.
  • Pelvic osteotomy can be performed concurrently with open hip reduction.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis of DDH is critical to prevent early coxarthrosis.
  • Management of residual dysplasia is an active research area with evolving treatment options.
  • Further research is needed to optimize the management of acetabular dysplasia.

Keywords:
congenital dislocation of the hipdevelopmental dysplasia of the hiphip dysplasia reviewhip subluxationosteotomy

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